How to optimize IP for IoT?

In the incoming and outgoing Internet of Things, these services where data flows about "things" are located in servers, but also in the "cloud", in distributed or centralized locations.bluetooth low energy Module Then use dedicated programs to run on the network edge platform in virtual machines or traditional server systems, and use these lightweight applications to communicate with the data center for services.

Therefore, collecting data from various physical layers and centrally processing them requires a systematic structural approach, which must include a common layer that is independent of the bottom layer and the top layer. In this environment, the Internet Protocol (IP) It was born from this and began to play an important role in key architectural roles in the late 20th century. Until now, IP is not only the first choice in the market, but also the first choice for environment construction in OT.

Although the current key to the success of IoT protocols mainly lies in IP, due to limitations of network rules, IP still needs to optimize each protocol at all levels of the structural system. Below, the author will introduce the optimization methods that have appeared in the market or are developed for IETF. The figure below shows the optimized TCP/IP layer.

From 6LoWPAN to 6Lo

In IP architecture, IP (PHY, MAC) on a given protocol must be defined and documented for data transmission. Models that encapsulate IP into lower protocol layers are often called adaptation layers.

Unless the technology is specifically proprietary, the IP adaptation layer is usually defined by an IETF working group and published as an RFC (Request for Comments). RFCs usually come from books and other publications about the IETF, and record Internet standards, specifications, protocols, processes and events through formal text. For example, RFC 864 describes how IPv4 packets are encapsulated into Ethernet frames.

Related protocols in the Internet of Things generally follow a similar process by default. The main difference is that the adaptation layer design in the Internet of Things will be relatively optimized for devices to deal with the problems of restricted nodes and device networks.